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Clinical Trials IHL-493C | Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction (‘TMJD’) IHL-493c is a novel, patent-pending investigational drug designed and formulated for the sole purpose of treating TMD transdermally

Clinical Trial For Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction

IHL-493c is a novel, patent-pending investigational drug designed and formulated for the sole purpose of treating TMJD transdermally

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR) estimate that $4 billion is spent every year on the diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular joint dysfunction in the USA alone.

Despite signs of TMJD being common, the reported prevalence of symptomatic disease requiring treatment occurs in only 5% to 12% of the population

  • TMJD affects approx. 20% of the adult population
  • There is no definitive pharmacological treatment available
  • The peak incidence is seen in adults aged 20–40 years
  • Women are at least four times as likely to suffer from the disorder

What is TMJD?

What is Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction?

Temporomandibular joint dysfunction (TMD, TMJD) is an umbrella term covering pain and dysfunction of the muscles of mastication (the muscles that move the jaw) and the temporomandibular joints (the joints which connect the mandible to the skull). The most important feature is pain, followed by restricted mandibular movement, and noises from the temporomandibular joints (TMJ) during jaw movement. Although TMJD is not life-threatening, it can be detrimental to quality of life; this is because the symptoms can become chronic and difficult to manage.

Causes & Symptoms

What are the causes of Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction?

Causes Of TMJD

The temporomandibular joint combines a hinge action with sliding motions. The parts of the bones that interact in the joint are covered with cartilage and are separated by a small shock-absorbing disk, which normally keeps the movement smooth.

Painful TMJ disorders can occur if:

  • The disk erodes or moves out of its proper alignment
  • The joint’s cartilage is damaged by arthritis
  • The joint is damaged by a blow or other impact
  • In many cases, however, the cause of TMJ disorders isn’t clear.

Symptoms of TMJD

There are many signs and symptoms of TMJD including:

  • Earaches, and pain and pressure behind the eyes
  • A clicking or popping sound when opening or closing the mouth
  • Jaw that “gets stuck,” locked “lock jaw” or goes out of place
  • Tenderness of the jaw muscles
  • Swelling of the face
  • Pain in the face, jaw or ear area
  • Headaches (often mimicking migraines)

Who It Affects & Current Treatment

TMJD affects approximately 20% of the adult population

Who it affects

  • TMJD affects 20% of the adult population
  • TMJD is a common condition, signs of which appear in up to 60–70% of the population
  • The peak incidence is seen in adults aged 20–40 years
  • Women are at least four times as likely to suffer from the disorder
  • Despite signs of TMJD being common, the reported prevalence of symptomatic disease requiring treatment occurs in only 5% to 12% of the population

Current Treatment of TMJD

  • There is no definitive pharmacological treatment available
  • Mouth-guards, splints, anti-depressants and anxiolytics are widely used to reduce symptoms with varying levels of success
  • There is no current approved pharmacotherapy and the first line therapy used is mostly conservative and symptomatic management